Brake



C. 31, 1933. E Vb TAYLQR 1,932,916

BRAKE Original Filed Oct. 50, 192,6 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORN EY E. V.TAYLOR Gm. 31, @sa

BRAKE Original Filed Oct. .30. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet `2 INVENTOR 'vlwtk 72yz me ATTORNEY Eugene V. Taylor, South Bend, llnd., assigner toy BendixTBraire iCcnipany, South Bend, End., a corporation oi Mlinois @riginalapplication @c tober Bil, i926, Serial No.

Malti?. Divided and this application May t', 1928, Serial No. 275,668.Renewed September i3 Claims.

This invention relates in general to brakes and is illustrated asembodied in a brake mechanism of the hydraulic type. An object of theinvention is' to provide simple fluid-power operating means inconjunction with a suitable cam or equivalent applying device, thecombined mechanism preferably being adapted to operate a standardmultiple shoe brake.

In automobile practice, thus far it has not been feasible to adapt thecommon type of brake for use in a hydraulic or other fluid-power systemWithout' radical changes in construction. Obviously such a brake systemwould be more readily adapted to ordinary motor vehicles if the commontype of retarding mechanism such as the multiple shoe brake could bereadily connected to the system without necessitating any expensivechanges in either the system or the brake.

I, therefore, propose to provide a novel fluid device adapted to becoupled to a standard multiple shoe brake or other wheel-retardingstructure such as the cam-operated brake employed so extensively onautomobiles at the present time.

An important feature of my invention relates to the particular type ofconnection between the fluid system and the brake-applying structurewhereby it is possible to convert a linear movement of a non-rotatablepart, said movement created by the uidpower mechanism into a rotarymovement of the brake-applying structure, the latter movement beingnecessary to render the brake operative.

In one desirable arrangement the duid-power operating structure ispivoted to the conventional D backing plate for a brake shoe structure,thereby permitting the shoe operating cam connected to the huid-operatedstructure to automatically ad-` just its position with respect to theshoes.

an important feature of my invention relates to the novel duid-operatedcylinder structure, wherein stationary pins are preferably employed toguide and prevent rotation of the linearly moving 7hydraulic piston, thelatter preferably connected by a helical screw thread with the rotatablebralre-applying operating shaft'. According to an important minorfeature of my invention, the piston operating nuid is admitted to thecylinder by a novelly arranged port preferably positioned on the Side ofthe cylinder as illustrated, the fluid conduit being at right angles tothe cylinder axis.

Another minor but important feature of my invention relates to the`position of the coupling cylinder with respect to the brake-operatingcam or equivalent means in which the axis of both the (Cl. 18d-352)cylinder and the operating means are made to coincide, one with theother.

The advantages of the arrangements set forth, and various additionalfeatures of novelty and desirable details of construction will beapparent from the following description of one illustrated embodimentshown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a fragmentary sectional View taken on line 1 1 of Figure 2through the brake-operating mechanism embodying the features of myinvention; Y

Figure 2 is a' longitudinal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure lshowing the brake structure in elevation, the hydraulic operatingstructure being shown in dotted lines; and

Figure 3 is an enlarged view in end elevation oi' the hydraulic cylinderand its novel connection with the backing plate.

The particular brake structure selected for illustration includes abacking plate 20 of a brake designated generally by the referencecharacter 15. This plate 20 constitutes a closure piece for thecylindrical brake drum 21 secured to a wheel 22. As best shown in Figure2, the wheel 22 is mounted upon an axle 23 extending through the drum21. Disposed inside of the drum 2l is the friction or retarding means,'such as a pair of (zo-operable brake shoes 24 and 25 which are of anyconventional structure. These brake shoes are anchored at 26 on a xedpivot or the like in a manner well known to those versed in the brakeart. It is to be understood, however, that although I have onlyillustrated two shoes, the invention is not to be thus limited, for anydesirable number of shoes may be employed Without deviating from thefeatures of my invention. For example, the three-shoe brake structuredisclosed in Patent No. 1,604,394, dated October i0, 1926, might beemployed with my invention, inasmuch as the novelty lies entirely in theactuating mechanism.

The shoes 2e and 25 are preferably provided with suitable frictionlining 27 for engagement with the drum 21. The free ends of the shoes2li and may be provided with cam surfaces 28 and 29 respectively adaptedto co-operate with a cam 30 connected to my novel brake mechanism to behereinafter described. Shoe 24 is provided With a pair of spring hooks3l and 32 and shoe 25 is provided with a pair of spring hooks 33 and 3edisposed opposite the hooks on the other shoe. One pair of hooks 31 and33 are connected by a return spring 35 and the other pair Oi hooks areconnected by a return spring 36. The two springs are preferably of thetension type and are adapted at all times to draw the shoes toward eachother and out of engagement with the brake drum 21.

One of the springs 35 is positioned adjacent the pivot 26 and the otherspring 361s positioned adjacent the cam 30. These springs are adapted tobe overcome by the cam 30 when the same is revolved to spread the shoes24 and 25 apart for the purpose of braking the drum 21. I shall nowproceed to describe in detail the novel brakeoperating mechanismassociated with cam 30.

The fluid-operated cylinder, indicated generally by the referencecharacter 100, may be provided with an annular ange 101 fastened to aclosure plate 102 by bolts 101. The plate 102 is pivotally connected bythe bolt 103 to the backing plate 20 of the associated brake mechanism.The flange 101 and the plate 102 are provided with a pair of spacedarcuate-shaped slots 104 and 105 in each of which is a bolt 106connected to the plate 20. These bolts 106 co-operate with the slots tolimit the pivotal movement of. the cylinder 100 and the plate 102.

Connected with the plate 102 is a hub portion 108 which extends throughan aperture 109 in the plate 20, said aperture permitting free movementof the cylinder about the pivot point 103. This hub 108 serves as abearing for the shaft 110 one end of which is connected to a brake cam30 formed integral with said shaft. Formed integral with the cam is areduced shaft portion le upon which is mounted an annular member orcollar held in place by a nut 46 threaded on reduced end 44, said collarco-operating with another collar 43 mounted on the shaft 110. The twocollars 43 and 45 co-operate to properly align the ends of the shoeswith cam 30 as is obvious from Figure 1.

Positioned within the cylinder 100 is a piston 112 tightly tted in thebore 111 of the cylinder` 100. The piston 112 may be provided with apair of piston rings 113 for insuring a tight fit of the piston withinthe cylinder. Piston 112 is adapted to be reciprocated within thecylinder 100 and is guided in its movement by a plurality of guide pins115 suitably connected thereto. Each of the pins 115 extends through anaperture 116 in the plate 102, preferably having a driving ttingtherewith, and through a suitably slotted aperture 117 in the plate 20.Pins 115 are arranged parallel with eachother and serve to not onlyguide the piston but to prevent the piston from being turned.

The end of the shaft 110 which extends into bore 111 of the cylinder 100is provided with an enlarged portion 118 having a shoulder 119 abuttingagainst the face of the plate 102. This enlarged portion 118 is equippedwith a helical thread 120 adapted to engage a helical thread 121 formedintegral with the piston 112. In other words, the piston 112 has athreaded aperture 122 into which a portion of the end 118 is tted. Itwill be obvious that upon the movement of the piston 112 toward theplate 20 the portion 118 will be caused to rotate, thus actuating the-cam or other brake-applying mechamsm.

One end of the aperture 122 in the piston 112` is closed by a closureplate 124 secured to the piston by means of screws 125. Also theassociated end of the cylinder 100 is provided with a raised portion 125defining an inlet 126 communicating with an opening 127 in a lateralboss 128 preferably formed integral with the cylinder. A pipe line 55'may be threaded into the opening 127 and connects the bore of thecylinder 100 with a suitable fluid-power system (not shown). It is to benoted that the fluid inlet boss 128 is positioned in the side of thecylinder and at the end thereof, not in the end face as is the usualpractice.

The operation of my invention is believed to be obvious from theforegoing detailed description of the same. Upon the application offorce or pressure to the fluid in the pipe line 55', the piston 112 willbe forced toward the plate 102. In this movement of the piston, the rodsor pins 115 serve to guide the same and to prevent the piston fromrotating. The screw thread 121 in the aperture 122 serves to cause theportion 118 to be revolved as the piston 112 is moved forward. Thisresults in the actuation of the brake cam 30. When the piston 112 isrelieved of the hydraulic or other fluid pressure, the springsassociated with the brake shoes will serve to return the parts to theirnormal positions shown in Figure 2. In other words, I purposely make thesprings associated with the brake shoes of sufficient strength to causethem, when tensioned, to force the piston 112 back to its initialposition through the means of the shaft 110.

A simple and efficient brake-operating mechanism is thus producedcombining the advantages of a fluid-power operating system or hook-upwith the well-known advantages of the mechanically operated brake shoes,the structure illustrated effecting a translation of the linear movementof the fluid-operated structure into the necessary rotary movement forthe cam mechanism.

While one illustrative embodiment of my invention has been described indetail, it is not my intention to limit its scope to that particularembodiment or otherwise than by the terms of the appended claims. Mostof the subject-matter herein claimed is to be regarded as divided frommy prior application No. 145,109, filed October 30, 1926.

I claim:

1. In a brake-operating mechanism, a brake drum, a closure platetherefor, a friction device within said drum, rotatable means withinsaid plate for rendering operative said friction means and non-rotatablemeans, rendered so by means co-operating with said plate, saidnon-rotatable means co-operating with said rotatable means andeffecting, by linear movement thereof, a rotary movement to saidrotatable means.

2. In a brake assembly, a brake drum and closure plate therefor, afriction device within said drum, and operating means for said frictiondevice comprising a rotatable part within said drum and a non-rotatablehydraulically-actuated means, capable of reciprocating linear movement,co-operating with said first-mentioned part and rendered non-rotatableby means cooperating with said closure plate, saidhydraulically-actuated means effecting, by linear move- ,ment, rotationto said rotatable part.

3. In combination, a cam-operated brake, a fluid power operator forcontrolling the operation of said cam, means for coupling the cam tosaid operator comprising a rotatable part connected to said cam and anon-rotatable part connected thereto effecting, by linear movementthereof, rotation to said rotatable part, and means associated with saidcoupling means for enabling the brake cam to be self-centering withrespect to the parts of the brake.

ineaoie ci in a assembly, drum and iriction therefor, a closure plate,friction operating means passing through said plate and surrounded by asleeve, the latter pro-vif with a radially extending flange at thesleeve end, a "nydraniic cylinder attached to said nange, a piston insaid cylinder, and guide means fixed to said iange, one end of saidguide means extending into tlie piston and tlie other end exte ding intothe closure plate.

5. En a brake-operating structure leaving a braise, a rotatablebrake-operating part friction and a non -rotatable hydraulicallyactuated part co-onerating therewith, both parts naving a conirnon axis,said latter part effecting, by linear movement tliereoi, rotation tosaid rotatable part to apply said brake, and means associated ivi'tnsaid braise or returning said parts normal position..

a brake-operating mechanism, a brake drum, a closure plate therefor, afriction device tvitnin said drum and operating ineans thereforcompris'ag a rotatable part passing tloroug'n said plate anc. anon-rotatable hydraulically-actuated part connected to and aligned withsaid rotatable part and housed by a member connected to said closureplate, said latter part eecting, by linear movement thereof, a rotarymovement to said rotatable part.

7. En a brake-operating structure having a friction brake, a rotatablebrake-operating part and a non-rotatable part capable or" reciprocatinglinear movement co-operating therewith, both parts liaving a commonaxis, said latter part effecting, by its linear movement, rotation tosaid rotatable part to apply said brake, and means associated with saidbrake for returning botti said parts to normal position.

8. a device for use in hydraulic bralre systems` leaving a brake drum,friction means therein and a backing plate for said drum,braise-operating member for said friction means and means for said drumcomprising a cylinder carried by said platefsaid cylinder having a fluidinlet port, a piston in said cylinder, and a shaft extending into thesaid cylinder and into an opening in said piston, said piston and snaftso connected that a linear movement oi the former eiects a rotarymovement of the latter.

9. A device tor use in hydraulic braire systems, a backing plate, abraise operating member, and means for operating said member comprisinga cylinder having a fluid inlet port, a piston in said cylinder, meansassociated with said plate for rendering said piston non-rotatable and arotatable shaft extending into tbe said cylinder and into an opening insaid piston, said piston and shaft so connected that a linear movementoi the former eiiects a rotary movement of the latl. l'n a brakeassembly, a bralre drum and friction means therefor, a closure plate,friction operating means freely passing through said olate andsurrounded by a sleeve, the latter provided tvitn a radially extendingidange tbe sleeve end, a hydraulic cylinder attached to said flange, apiston in said cylinder, and guide means fixed to said rlange, one endoi said guide means extending into slots in the piston and the ot'nerend extending into the closure plate.

l'n a coupling device for use in a hydraulic brake system, a cylinderand a piston therefor said piston including a detachable end plateclosing a beiically threaded opening in said nis,

ton.

i2. A bralre operating structure comprising in combination, a drum; afriction element tifitbin ine drum; a backing plate; a brake operatingmember; and means for operating said member passing through said backingplate and including a rotatable part and a non-rotatable, Inydraulicallyactuated part cooperating tvitli and having a common asis with saidrotatable part, said member being directly connected with said rotatablepart and linear movement of said nonrotatable part causing rotation ofsaid rotatable part. l.

i3. A brake operating structure comprising, in combination a brakeoperating member and means for operating said member including arotatable part, and a non-rotatable hydraulically actuated partcooperating with and having a common axis With said rotatable part, saidmember being directly connected with said rotatable part and saidnon-rotatable part eiecting, by a linear movement thereof, rotation tosaid rotatable part.

'EUGENE V. TAYLOR.

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